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It has been convincingly argued that the fighting in Sudan amounts to a non-international armed conflict (NIAC), meaning that the rules of IHL apply.

Under IHL, the rules governing conduct in conflict depend on whether that conflict is international or non-international in nature. Children Under International Humanitarian Law (IHL) However, conditions on the ground show that both sides are failing to abide by international legal standards and committing grave violations against children. The United Nations Special Representative for Children and Armed Conflict called on all parties to fully comply with all principles of international humanitarian law and international human rights law. Aid agencies are struggling to provide humanitarian aid. As fighting has extended into civilian areas, schools are closed, children’s institutions have been attacked, and health care facilities have been looted and destroyed.

There are reports of children’s bodies within mass graves and crimes of sexual violence against girls. Hundreds have been killed, thousands are injured. UNICEF reports that the fighting has displaced more than 1 million children. The conflict between the armed forces of Sudan and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) is entering its fourth month and the situation of children is increasingly desperate.